To solve this error, you need to install openpyxl module. In this tutorial, we will use pip to install openpyxl module. Run the following command, to install openpyxl. Pip install openpyxl Run this program ONLINE. If you have both python2.x and python3.x versions installed in your machine, use pip to install in python2.x and pip3 to install in. We install openpyxl with the pip3 tool. Openpyxl create new file. In the first example, we create a new xlsx file with openpyxl. Writexlsx.py #!/usr/bin/env python from openpyxl import Workbook import time book = Workbook sheet = book.active sheet'A1' = 56 sheet'A2' = 43 now = time.strftime('%x') sheet'A3' = now book.save('sample.xlsx. In software, it's said that all abstractions are leaky, and this is true for the Jupyter notebook as it is for any other software.I most often see this manifest itself with the following issue: I installed package X and now I can't import it in the notebook. This issue is a perrennial source of StackOverflow questions (e.g. This, that, here, there, another, this one, that one, and this.
- How to install openpyxl. Mac OS X (10.5+) 1.6.2: Available. Openpyxl is a pure python reader and writer of Excel OpenXML files. It is ported from the PHPExcel.
- Python openpyxl module is a perfect choice to work with excel sheets. We can also add images to the excel sheet by using the pillow library with it. But, it doesn’t guard us against quadratic blowup or billion laughs XML attacks.
I tried many options but the below method worked for me to install the packages on Mac OS X!
Got the instructions from the youtube video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTmXHijG8ao&t=45s
Note: the content you see in bold and italic below are to be substituted by names you would like to have / that you downloaded
Step 1: Download the appropriate file from the site https://conda.io/miniconda.html
Step2: Go to Terminal; change the folder to Downloads and execute below command
bash filename
As the installation starts, you will have to either enter yes or y or press enter as prompted.
You need to open the terminal in new window to have the next set of commands work
source activate myenv
conda create -n myenv python=3.6.3
I used 3.6.3 in the above command as that's the version of Python I had installed.
conda install numpy scipy matplotlib
You can install many other packages also using the format 'conda install'
However, sometimes, there will be an error saying that the package is not found in certain channels. In such case, you will have to configure and add related channels to conda.
For example, I could install openpyxl package using the command 'conda install openpyxl'
But could not install python-docx using the command 'conda install python-docx'
I got an error saying that the package is not found in below channels....
Then, I followed instructions to forge channel as specified in https://github.com/conda-forge/python-docx-feedstock/blob/master/README.md
Note: Some of the packages like imutils were not supported by conda (refer to https://github.com/jrosebr1/imutils/issues/36). So, However, later I reverted to package installation thru pip.
Got the instructions from the youtube video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTmXHijG8ao&t=45s
Note: the content you see in bold and italic below are to be substituted by names you would like to have / that you downloaded
Step 1: Download the appropriate file from the site https://conda.io/miniconda.html
Step2: Go to Terminal; change the folder to Downloads and execute below command
bash filename
As the installation starts, you will have to either enter yes or y or press enter as prompted.
You need to open the terminal in new window to have the next set of commands work
source activate myenv
conda create -n myenv python=3.6.3
I used 3.6.3 in the above command as that's the version of Python I had installed.
conda install numpy scipy matplotlib
You can install many other packages also using the format 'conda install
However, sometimes, there will be an error saying that the package is not found in certain channels. In such case, you will have to configure and add related channels to conda.
For example, I could install openpyxl package using the command 'conda install openpyxl'
But could not install python-docx using the command 'conda install python-docx'
I got an error saying that the package is not found in below channels....
Then, I followed instructions to forge channel as specified in https://github.com/conda-forge/python-docx-feedstock/blob/master/README.md
Note: Some of the packages like imutils were not supported by conda (refer to https://github.com/jrosebr1/imutils/issues/36). So, However, later I reverted to package installation thru pip.
last modified July 6, 2020
In this tutorial we show how to work with Excel files in Python using openpyxl library.
Openpyxl
The openpyxl is a Python library to read and write Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files.
Excel xlsx
In this tutorial we work with xlsx files. The xlsx is a file extension for an open XML spreadsheet file format used by Microsoft Excel. The xlsm files support macros.The xls format is a proprietary binary format while xlsx is based on Office Open XML format.
We install
openpyxl
with the pip3
tool.Openpyxl create new file
In the first example, we create a new xlsx file with
openpyxl
.write_xlsx.py
In the example, we create a new xlsx file. We write data into three cells.
From the
openpyxl
module, we import the Workbook
class. A workbook is the container for all other parts of the document.We create a new workbook. A workbook is always created with at least one worksheet.
We get the reference to the active sheet.
We write numerical data to cells A1 and A2.
We write current date to the cell A3.
We write the contents to the
sample.xlsx
file with the save
method.Openpyxl write to a cell
There are two basic ways to write to a cell: using a key of aworksheet such as A1 or D3, or using a row and column notationwith the
cell
method.In the example, we write two values to two cells.
Here, we assing a numerical value to the A1 cell.
In this line, we write to cell B2 with the row and column notation.
Openpyxl append values
With the
append
method, we can append a group of values at the bottom of the current sheet.appending_values.py
In the example, we append three columns of data intothe current sheet.
The data is stored in a tuple of tuples.
We go through the container row by row and insertthe data row with the
append
method.Openpyxl read cell
In the following example, we read the previously written data from the
sample.xlsx
file.The example loads an existing xlsx file and reads three cells.
The file is opened with the
load_workbook
method.We read the contents of the A1, A2, and A3 cells. In the third line,we use the
cell
method to get the value of A3 cell.This is the output of the example.
Openpyxl read multiple cells
We have the following data sheet:
We read the data using a range operator.
read_cells2.py
In the example, we read data from two columns using a range operation.
In this line, we read data from cells A1 - B6.
The
format()
function is used for neat output of dataon the console.This is the output of the program.
Openpyxl iterate by rows
The
iter_rows
method return cells from the worksheet as rows.The example iterates over data row by row.
We provide the boundaries for the iteration.
This is the output of the example.
![Install Import Openpyxl For Python In Mac Install Import Openpyxl For Python In Mac](/uploads/1/1/8/6/118661227/566730775.png)
Openpyxl iterate by columns
The
iter_cols
method return cells from the worksheet as columns.iterating_by_columns.py
The example iterates over data column by column.
This is the output of the example.
Statistics
For the next example, we need to create a xlsx file containingnumbers. For instance, we have created 25 rows of numbers in 10 columns with the
RANDBETWEEN()
function.In the example, we read all values from the sheet and compute some basic statistics.
The
statistics
module is imported to provide some statistical functions, such as median and variance.Using the
data_only
option, we get the values from the cells, not the formula.We get all the rows of cells that are not empty.
In two for loops, we form a list of integer values from the cells.
We compute and print mathematical statistics about the values. Some of the functions are built-in, others are imported with the
statistics
module.This is a sample output.
Openpyxl filter & sort data
A sheet has an
auto_filter
attribute, which allows to set filtering and sorting conditions.Note that Openpyxl sets the conditions but we must apply them inside the Spreadsheet application.
filter_sort.py
In the example, we create a sheet with items and their colours. We set a filter and a sort condition.
Openpyxl dimensions
To get those cells that actually contain data, we can use dimensions.
The example calculates the dimensions of two columns of data.
We add data to the worksheet. Note that we start adding fromthe third row.
The
dimensions
property returns the top-left and bottom-rightcell of the area of non-empty cells.![Install Install](https://www.jetbrains.com/help/img/idea/2020.2/py_install_packages.png)
Witht the
min_row
and max_row
properties, we get the minimum and maximum row containing data. With the
min_column
and max_column
properties, we get the minimum and maximum column containing data. We iterate through the data and print it to the console.
This is the output of the example.
Sheets
Each workbook can have multiple sheets.
Let's have a workbook with these three sheets.
The program works with Excel sheets.
The
get_sheet_names
method returns the names ofavailable sheets in a workbook.We get the active sheet and print its type to the terminal.
We get a reference to a sheet with the
get_sheet_by_name()
method.The title of the retrieved sheet is printed to the terminal.
This is the output of the program.
sheets2.py
In this example, we create a new sheet.
A new sheet is created with the
create_sheet
method.The sheet names can be shown with the
sheetnames
attribute as well.A sheet can be removed with the
remove_sheet
method.A new sheet can be created at the specified position; in our case, we create a new sheet at position with index 0.
This is the output of the program.
It is possible to change the background colour of a worksheet.
The example modifies the background colour of the sheet titled'March'.
We change the
tabColor
property to a new colour.The background colour of the third worksheet has been changed to some bluecolour.
Merging cells
Cells can be merged with the
merge_cells
method and unmergedwith the unmerge_cells
method. When we merge cells, all cells but the top-left one are removed from the worksheet.merging_cells.py
In the example, we merge four cells: A1, B1, A2, and B2. The text in the final cell is centered.
In order to center a text in the final cell, we use the
Alignment
class from the openpyxl.styles
module.We merge four cells with the
merge_cells
method.We get the final cell.
We set text to the merged cell and update its alignment.
Openpyxl freeze panes
When we freeze panes, we keep an area of a worksheet visible while scrolling toanother area of the worksheet.
The example freezes panes by the cell B2.
To freeze panes, we use the
freeze_panes
property.Openpyxl formulas
The next example shows how to use formulas. The
openpyxl
does not do calculations; it writes formulas into cells.formulas.py
In the example, we calculate the sum of all valueswith the
SUM()
function and style theoutput in bold font.We create two columns of data.
We get the cell where we show the result of the calculation.
We write a formula into the cell.
We change the font style.
Openpyxl images
Install Openpyxl Python
In the following example, we show how to insert an image into a sheet.
In the example, we write an image into a sheet.
We work with the
Image
class from the openpyxl.drawing.image
module.A new
Image
class is created. The icesid.png
image is located in the current working directory.We add a new image with the
add_image
method.Openpyxl Charts
The
openpyxl
library supports creation of various charts, including bar charts, line charts, area charts, bubble charts, scatter charts, and pie charts.According to the documentation,
openpyxl
supports chart creation within a worksheet only. Charts in existing workbooks will be lost.create_bar_chart.py
In the example, we create a bar chart to show the number of Olympic gold medals per country in London 2012.
The
openpyxl.chart
module has tools to work with charts.A new workbook is created.
Install Import Openpyxl For Python In Mac Os
We create some data and add it to the cells of the active sheet.
With the
Reference
class, we refer to the rows in the sheet thatrepresent data. In our case, these are the numbers of olympic gold medals.We create a category axis. A category axis is an axis with the data treated as a sequence of non-numerical text labels. In our case, we havetext labels representing names of countries.
We create a bar chart and set it data and categories.
Using
legend
and majorGridlines
attributes, weturn off the legends and major grid lines.Setting
varyColors
to True
, each bar has a differentcolour.A title is set for the chart.
The created chart is added to the sheet with the
add_chart
method.In this tutorial, we have worked with the openpyxl library. We have read datafrom an Excel file, written data to an Excel file.
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